Resources- PBPD
The journal Place Branding and Public Diplomacy explores and explains the two related but distinct practices named in its title. ‘Place branding’ applies brand strategy and related techniques to advance the economic, social, political and cultural development of cities, regions and countries. ‘Public diplomacy’ describes the processes by which a nation, a region or a city conducts foreign policy by directly engaging with a foreign public.
Publications on Cultural Diplomacy in a Alphabetical Order
Abdi, K. et al. (2019) ‘Identifying Sports Diplomacy Resources as Soft Power Tools’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(3), pp. 147–155. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00115-9.
Aguirre, D. (2020) ‘Conceptual implications of Peru’s recent charm offensive in Chile: societal-level engagement driving a shift in bilateral relations?’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(2), pp. 121–130. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00131-9.
Åkerlund, A. (2016) ‘Transition aid and creating economic growth: Academic exchange between Sweden and Eastern Europe through the Swedish Institute 1990–2010’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(2–3), pp. 124–138. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-016-0009-7.
Alexander, C. (2014) ‘Sub-state public diplomacy in Africa: The case of the Scottish government’s engagement with Malawi’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 10(1), pp. 70–86. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2013.29.
Alexander, C. and Royo I Marine, A. (2020) ‘Prohibited sub-state public diplomacy: the attempt to dissolve Catalonia’s DIPLOCAT’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(3), pp. 238–250. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00151-5.
Al-Rawi, A. (2020) ‘US public diplomacy in the Middle East and the Digital Outreach Team’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(1), pp. 18–24. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00122-w.
Anholt, S. (2005) ‘Editorial’, Place Branding, 1(4), pp. 333–346. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.5990032.
Anholt, S. (2006) ‘Public diplomacy and place branding: Where’s the link?’, Place Branding, 2(4), pp. 271–275. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.6000040.
Anholt, S. (2008) ‘“Nation Branding” in Asia’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 4(4), pp. 265–269. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2008.22.
Anholt, S. (2009) ‘Should place brands be simple?’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 5(2), pp. 91–96. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2009.6.
Antal, E. and Tigau, C. (2009) ‘GMO PD for biosafety in Mexico: Applications of a hierarchical model of communication’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 5(1), pp. 38–53. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2008.28.
Aziz, N. et al. (2016) ‘Universities as stakeholders that influence students’ intention to visit a place’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(4), pp. 249–267. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-016-0005-y.
Bettie, M. (2020) ‘Exchange diplomacy: theory, policy and practice in the Fulbright program’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(3), pp. 212–223. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00147-1.
Bier, L.M. and White, C.L. (2021) ‘Cultural diplomacy as corporate strategy: an analysis of Pasona Group’s “New Tohoku” program in Japan’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 17(2), pp. 180–192. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00165-4.
Bourgeois, T. (2019) ‘London 2012 Olympics: exercises in cultural diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(3), pp. 198–205. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-017-0084-4.
Brabazon, T. (2009) ‘Brand Wellington: When city imaging is GLAM’ed: A personal view’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 5(4), pp. 260–275. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2009.22.
Brach, B. (2010) ‘Nation brand – Issues of culture and institutionalization’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 6(3), pp. 256–262. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2010.25.
Brett, K. and Schaefer, T. (2019) ‘Formalizing the American brand: the case for the US culture, language, and soft-power institutes’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(2), pp. 124–133. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00120-y.
Brown, J. (2005) ‘Should the piper be paid? Three schools of thought on culture and foreign policy during the Cold War’, Place Branding, 1(4), pp. 420–423. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.5990038.
Brown, J. (2007a) ‘Public diplomacy as a global phenomenon, 2006: An internet-based overview of English-language world media reports on public diplomacy — Part II: Middle East, Sub-Saharan Africa’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(3), pp. 252–262. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.6000065.
Brown, J. (2007b) ‘Public diplomacy as a global phenomenon, 2006: An internet-based overview of English-language world media reports on public diplomacy — Part III: Europe and the Americas (excluding the United States)’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(4), pp. 337–347. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.6000079.
Brown, J. (2007c) ‘Public diplomacy as a global phenomenon, 2006: An internet-based overview of the English-language world media — Part 1’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(2), pp. 179–190. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.6000060.
Brown, J. (2009a) ‘Smart power in, public diplomacy out?’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 5(2), pp. 151–155. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2009.8.
Brown, J. (2009b) ‘The mighty wurlitzer: How the CIA played America’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 5(1), pp. 85–89. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2008.5.
Brown, J. (2011) ‘The United States and public diplomacy: New directions in cultural and international history’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7(3), pp. 223–226. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2011.22.
Cabrera Cuadrado, C. (2024) ‘The purpose of Spain’s PD: a golden circle of public diplomacy analysis’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 20(1), pp. 86–96. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-023-00298-2.
Cassinger, C. et al. (2016) ‘Translating public diplomacy and nation branding in Scandinavia: An institutional approach to the cartoon crises’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(2–3), pp. 172–186. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-016-0013-y.
Chao, J. (2023) ‘The visual politics of Brand China: Exceptional history and speculative future’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(3), pp. 305–316. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-022-00270-6.
Chiarvesio, M., Di Maria, E. and Tabacco, R. (2017) ‘The cultural value of Italian design for Chinese consumers: The role of communication strategy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 13(2), pp. 150–162. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2016.10.
Clerc, L. (2016) ‘Variables for a history of small states’ imaging practices – The case of Finland’s “international communication” in the 1970s–1980s’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(2–3), pp. 110–123. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-016-0008-8.
Cox, W. (2012) ‘Soft power and stigma: Serbia’s changing image in the eyes of the European Union’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 8(2), pp. 170–180. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2012.7.
Cull, N.J. (2010) ‘Public diplomacy: Seven lessons for its future from its past’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 6(1), pp. 11–17. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2010.4.
Cull, N.J. (2012a) ‘Pearl Harbor and public diplomacy: 70 years on’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 8(1), pp. 1–5. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2012.2.
Cull, N.J. (2012b) ‘Sinking and swimming at the Yeosu expo: Public diplomacy and nation branding in South Korea, 2012’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 8(4), pp. 249–255. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2012.23.
Cull, N.J. (2014) ‘Africa’s breakthrough: Art, place branding and Angola’s win at the Venice Biennale, 2013’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 10(1), pp. 1–5. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2014.1.
Cull, N.J. (2015) ‘Building a reputation; sharing an environment: Architecture and public diplomacy at the Venice Biennale of architecture, 2014’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 11(1), pp. 1–4. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2015.1.
Cull, N.J. (2016a) ‘A region speaks: Nordic public diplomacy in historical context’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(2–3), pp. 152–159. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-016-0011-0.
Cull, N.J. (2016b) ‘Histories of Public Diplomacy and Nation Branding in the Nordic and Baltic Countries: Representing the Periphery: Louis Clerc, Nikolas Glover and Paul Jordan. Brill/Nijhoff, Leiden and Boston, 2015, ISBN 978-90-04-30548-9’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(2–3), pp. 232–235. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-016-0042-6.
Cull, N.J. (2022) ‘From soft power to reputational security: rethinking public diplomacy and cultural diplomacy for a dangerous age’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(1), pp. 18–21. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00236-0.
Cull, N.J. (2023) ‘The war for Ukraine: reputational security and media disruption’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(2), pp. 195–199. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-022-00281-3.
Deffner, A.-M. (2020) ‘The multiple faces of place branding in the EU: special issue on the fourth IPBA conference’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(4), pp. 291–292. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00190-3.
Di Martino, L. (2024) ‘Fear and empathy in international relations: Diplomacy, cyber engagement and Australian foreign policy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 20(1), pp. 1–11. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00211-9.
Dinnie, K. and Lio, A. (2010) ‘Enhancing China’s image in Japan: Developing the nation brand through public diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 6(3), pp. 198–206. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2010.20.
Dos Santos, N.D.A.E.S.F. (2021) ‘Crossroads between city diplomacy and city branding towards the future: case study on the film cities at UNESCO Creative Cities Network’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 17(1), pp. 105–125. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00174-3.
Dubinsky, Y. (2019) ‘From soft power to sports diplomacy: a theoretical and conceptual discussion’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(3), pp. 156–164. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00116-8.
Dubinsky, Y. (2023a) ‘Clashes of cultures at the FIFA World Cup: Reflections on soft power, nation building, and sportswashing in Qatar 2022’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-023-00311-8.
Dubinsky, Y. (2023b) ‘Country image, cultural diplomacy, and sports during the COVID19 pandemic: Brand America and Super Bowl LV’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(3), pp. 249–265. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00257-9.
Dubinsky, Y. (2023c) ‘Sports, Brand America and U.S. public diplomacy during the presidency of Donald Trump’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(1), pp. 167–180. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00230-6.
Dubinsky, Y. (2023d) ‘The Olympic Games, nation branding, and public diplomacy in a post-pandemic world: Reflections on Tokyo 2020 and beyond’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(3), pp. 386–397. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00255-x.
Garud-Patkar, N. (2022) ‘Is digital diplomacy an effective foreign policy tool? Evaluating India’s digital diplomacy through agenda-building in South Asia’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(2), pp. 128–143. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00199-2.
Goirizelaia, M. (2020) ‘Public diplomacy by educational and cultural exchange programs’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(3), pp. 279–287. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00154-2.
Graham, S.E. (2008) ‘US public diplomacy in the Asia Pacific: Opportunities and challenges in a time of transition’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 4(4), pp. 336–356. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2008.21.
Grincheva, N. (2022) ‘Cultural diplomacy under the “digital lockdown”: pandemic challenges and opportunities in museum diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(1), pp. 8–11. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00237-z.
Just, T. (2015) ‘Public diplomacy and domestic engagement: The Jewish revival in Poland’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 11(4), pp. 263–275. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2015.11.
Keimetswe, L.A. (2023) ‘The impact of the Chinese Government Scholarship Program and Confucius Institute on China’s national image in Botswana: a soft power perspective’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(4), pp. 488–499. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-023-00305-6.
Kobierecka, A. and Kobierecki, M.M. (2023) ‘Public diplomacy and nation branding in action: Swiss Embassy’s participation in the Night of Museums Event in Warsaw’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-023-00306-5.
Krasnyak, O. (2023) ‘Natalia Tsvetkova (2021) The Cold War in Universities: U.S. and Soviet Cultural Diplomacy, 1945–1990: Brill, Leiden-Boston. E-Book (PDF) ISBN: 978-90-04-47178-8, Hardback ISBN: 978-90-04-47177-1, €110.00 / $132.00’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(4), pp. 551–553. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-022-00262-6.
Lee, S.T. (2022) ‘Film as cultural diplomacy: South Korea’s nation branding through Parasite (2019)’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(2), pp. 93–104. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00192-1.
Lee, S.T. (2023) ‘A battle for foreign perceptions: Ukraine’s country image in the 2022 war with Russia’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(3), pp. 345–358. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-022-00284-0.
Lee, S.T. and Kim, H.S. (2021a) ‘Food fight: gastrodiplomacy and nation branding in Singapore’s UNESCO bid to recognize Hawker culture’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 17(2), pp. 205–217. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00166-3.
Lee, S.T. and Kim, H.S. (2021b) ‘Nation branding in the COVID-19 era: South Korea’s pandemic public diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 17(4), pp. 382–396. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00189-w.
Leight, N., Walton, S.B., et al. (2011) ‘PDiN Quarterly – Trends in Public Diplomacy: January, February and March 2011’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7(2), pp. 136–149. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2011.8.
Leight, N., Ananian, T., et al. (2011) ‘PDiN Quarterly – Trends in Public Diplomacy: October, November and December 2010’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7(1), pp. 64–77. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2011.1.
Leight, N., Chan, R. and Krasnodebska, M. (2011a) ‘PDiN Quarterly – Trends in Public Diplomacy: June, July and August 2011’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7(4), pp. 299–315. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2011.24.
Leight, N., Chan, R. and Krasnodebska, M. (2011b) ‘PDiN Quarterly – Trends in Public Diplomacy: March, April and May 2011’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7(3), pp. 206–217. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2011.13.
Linardaki, C. and Aslanides, A. (2020) ‘From poem and song to cultural diplomacy: challenges and opportunities for place branding and tourism promotion’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(4), pp. 304–315. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00176-1.
Manor, I. and Pamment, J. (2022) ‘At a crossroads: examining Covid-19’s impact on public and digital diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(1), pp. 1–3. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00249-9.
Mark, S. (2022) ‘New Zealand’s public diplomacy in the Pacific: a reset, or more of the same?’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(2), pp. 105–112. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00196-x.
Mazumdar, B.T. (2024) ‘Digital diplomacy: Internet-based public diplomacy activities or novel forms of public engagement?’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 20(1), pp. 24–43. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00208-4.
Mohib, A.A. and Carroll, C. (2024) ‘Nation branding as a tool to attract foreign direct investments: a case study of Qatar’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-024-00326-9.
Ociepka, B. (2019) ‘(Un)successful years: EU countries’ cultural diplomacy with Russian Federation’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(1), pp. 50–59. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-018-00113-3.
Ohnesorge, H.W. (2022) ‘The method of comparative-historical analysis: a tailor-made approach to public diplomacy research’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(3), pp. 261–271. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00227-1.
Ooi, C.-S. (2008) ‘Reimagining Singapore as a creative nation: The politics of place branding’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 4(4), pp. 287–302. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2008.18.
Pamment, J. (2011) ‘Innovations in public diplomacy and nation brands: Inside the House of Sweden’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7(2), pp. 127–135. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2011.3.
Pamment, J. (2019) ‘Special issue on sports diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(3), pp. 145–146. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00136-4.
Pavón-Guinea, A. (2020) ‘The European Union’s public diplomacy towards the South Mediterranean: intercultural dialogue and power relations in the Euro–Mediterranean partnership’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(1), pp. 60–69. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00124-8.
Pavón-Guinea, A. (2024) ‘Conflict, power, and difference in dialogue: a conversation between public diplomacy and positioning theory’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 20(1), pp. 44–54. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00207-5.
Pavón-Guinea, A. and Codina, M. (2024) ‘Public diplomacy: a framework-based literature review and decentering research agenda’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-023-00319-0.
Pike, S.L. (2023) ‘What diplomats do: US citizen perspectives on the work of public diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(4), pp. 442–455. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-023-00301-w.
Pisarska, K. (2015) ‘The role of domestic public engagement in the formulation and implementation of US government-sponsored educational exchanges: An insider’s account’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 11(1), pp. 5–17. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2014.11.
Randolph, O., Fullerton, J. and Kendrick, A. (2010) ‘International attitudes toward America’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 6(3), pp. 244–255. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2010.24.
Rivas, C.V. (2011) ‘The rise and fall of Mexico’s international image: Stereotypical identities, media strategies and diplomacy dilemmas’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7(1), pp. 23–31. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2011.4.
Rivas, C.V. (2015) ‘The use of the Spanish language as a cultural diplomacy strategy for extending Mexico’s soft power in the United States’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 11(2), pp. 139–147. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2014.33.
Rockower, P.S. (2012) ‘Recipes for gastrodiplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 8(3), pp. 235–246. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2012.17.
Salazar, D.S. (2023) ‘The multiple edges of gastrodiplomacy: the paradoxes of the Basque case’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-023-00317-2.
Simons, G. (2015) ‘Taking the new public diplomacy online: Russia and China’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 11(2), pp. 111–124. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2014.22.
Snow, N. (2022) ‘On being a woman in public diplomacy: some personal reflections’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(4), pp. 372–377. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00251-1.
Szondi, G. (2007) ‘The role and challenges of country branding in transition countries: The Central and Eastern European experience’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(1), pp. 8–20. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.pb.6000044.
Torras-Vila, J. and Fernández-Cavia, J. (2018) ‘DIPLOCAT’s public diplomacy role and the perceptions towards Catalonia among international correspondents’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 14(3), pp. 213–222. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-017-0073-7.
Vela, J.D.S.E. and Xifra, J. (2015) ‘International representation strategies for stateless nations: The case of Catalonia’s cultural diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 11(1), pp. 83–96. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2014.17.
Velikaya, A.A. (2019) ‘Russian–U.S. public diplomacy dialogue: a view from Moscow’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(1), pp. 60–63. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-018-0102-1.
Velikaya, A.A. (2022) ‘Soviet public diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(2), pp. 77–92. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00193-0.
Xuereb, K. (2017) ‘Can nation branding be successful tool for the practice of public diplomacy? A Maltese case study’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 13(3), pp. 255–263. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/pb.2016.7.
Zalas-Kaminska, K. (2020) ‘Eastern–Western Bridge Sandwiched Between Two Internationally Recognizable Powers: By Beata Ociepka, Poland’s New Ways of Public Diplomacy, Peter Lang Edition, Frankfurt am Main 2017, 242 pp.’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(3), pp. 288–289. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00150-6.
Zalas-Kamińska, K. (2022) ‘Polish smart power in terms of NGOs activity and intersections between development aid and public diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 18(2), pp. 144–155. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-021-00198-3.
Zhang, J. (2020) ‘Compassion versus manipulation; narratives versus rational arguments: a PD radar to chart the terrain of public diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 16(3), pp. 195–211. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00146-2.
Zhang, S.I. et al. (2021) ‘Ningbo city branding and public diplomacy under the belt and road initiative in China’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 17(2), pp. 127–139. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-020-00161-8.
Zhu, Y. (2023) ‘The Greater Bay Area: film festivals as platforms for cultural diplomacy’, Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 19(3), pp. 335–344. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-022-00272-4.